Pathology of the prostate gland is not common in all animals except the dog in which prostatitis and hyperplasia of the prostate are common.

Seminal vesiculitis is an inflammation of the seminal vesicles. It is most common condition affecting the gland of bulls, stallions and boars. It is rare in bucks and rams.

Pathology of the vas deferens and ampullitis involves inflammatory or developmental conditions affecting the male reproductive tract.

Cysts and tumors of the epididymis are uncommon swellings that may be congenital or acquired. Cysts are usually fluid-filled and benign, while tumors can be either benign or malignant.

Anomalies of the epididymis in male animals are typically congenital or hereditary defects that affect sperm transport and fertility.

Epididymitis is the inflammation of the epididymis. It is occasionally observed as an acquired lesion in all species of animals and is caused by or may be secondary to the same factors causing orchitis.

Testicular tumors are observed at any age but most commonly in dogs over five years old. There was a higher incidence of testicular tumors in dogs than in humans.

Testicular degeneration is a pathological condition characterized by the progressive shrinkage of the testicular tissue, leading to impaired sperm production and reduced fertility in male animals.

Testicular pathology due to acquired causes is much more common than congenital or hereditary causes. It includes testicular degeneration, orchitis, fibrosis and calcification.

Testicular torsion is a condition in which a descended testis rotates within the scrotum, twisting the spermatic cord and cutting off its blood supply.