Alendronate Alendronate is an oral bisphosphonate used to reduce osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. Veterinary use includes selected persistent hypercalcemia cases, particularly cats. Group Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate; inhibitor of bone resorption Mechanism of Action Alendronate binds to mineralized bone and suppresses osteoclast function, reducing calcium release from bone. This can lower calcium in disorders involving increased bone resorption. Dose Rates Dogs Use /…

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Salbutamol (Albuterol Sulfate) Salbutamol, also called albuterol, is a short-acting beta-2 agonist for relief of bronchospasm. Amounts in this record are expressed as salbutamol/albuterol base, including products that supply it as the sulfate. It provides bronchodilation rather than adequate control of airway inflammation. Inhaled rescue treatment is generally paired with appropriate anti-inflammatory management. Inhaled delivery generally acts faster than oral…

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Albendazole Albendazole is a benzimidazole anthelmintic used mainly in livestock against susceptible gastrointestinal worms, lungworms, tapeworms and adult liver flukes. Activity and dosing depend on the host and parasite. Group Benzimidazole anthelmintic; antiprotozoal Mechanism of Action Binding to parasite beta-tubulin disrupts microtubule formation and dependent cellular functions. Host rapidly dividing tissues can also be injured, explaining marrow and intestinal toxicity.…

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Aglepristone Aglepristone is a progesterone-receptor antagonist used to terminate pregnancy in bitches. Selected feline reproductive uses are extralabel. Group Antiprogestin; progesterone-receptor antagonist Mechanism of Action Competitive progesterone-receptor antagonism interrupts progesterone-dependent uterine support and promotes pregnancy termination. Antiglucocorticoid activity can reduce glucocorticoid effects. Dose Rates Dogs Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructionsPregnancy termination10 mg/kgSCEvery 24 hUp to 2 days; Do not use in: Desired…

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Afoxolaner Afoxolaner is an oral isoxazoline ectoparasiticide for dogs. It kills susceptible fleas, ticks and mites after parasite exposure to the treated host. Group Isoxazoline ectoparasiticide Mechanism of Action Blockade of arthropod ligand-gated chloride channels disrupts GABA-mediated neurotransmission, causing parasite hyperexcitation and death. Selectivity for arthropod channels does not eliminate neurologic adverse-event risk in dogs. Dose Rates Dogs Use /…

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Acyclovir Acyclovir is a guanosine analogue with activity against susceptible herpesviruses. Group Antiviral; nucleoside analogue Mechanism of Action Viral thymidine kinase initiates phosphorylation; host-cell enzymes then form the active triphosphate. The triphosphate inhibits viral DNA polymerase and terminates viral DNA elongation. Dose Rates Horses Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructionsHerpesvirus infection10 mg/kgIVEvery 12 hDo not use in: Compromised renal function, Animals intended for…

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Acetylcysteine (N-acetylcysteine) Acetylcysteine replenishes glutathione and is an important antidote in paracetamol poisoning. It also has mucolytic and antioxidant actions. Group Glutathione precursor; antidote; mucolytic; antioxidant Mechanism of Action Sulfhydryl donation supports glutathione synthesis and detoxification of reactive metabolites. Cleavage of mucus disulfide bonds lowers secretion viscosity. Dose Rates Dogs Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructionsParacetamol toxicosis — Loading140 mg/kgIVOnceBegin promptly. For IV…

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Acetazolamide Acetazolamide is a systemic carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used to reduce aqueous-humor production and modify renal bicarbonate and electrolyte handling. Its diuretic action is weaker than that of loop diuretics. It is also used in horses with hyperkalemic periodic paralysis; it is not an effective established treatment for canine hydrocephalus. Group Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; systemic ocular hypotensive; bicarbonaturic diuretic Mechanism…

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Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) Paracetamol is a centrally acting analgesic and antipyretic with little useful peripheral anti-inflammatory activity. In veterinary practice it is principally an option for selected canine patients. Group Non-opioid analgesic and antipyretic Mechanism of Action Analgesia involves central prostaglandin modulation and descending pain pathways. The precise contribution of serotonergic and other central mechanisms remains incompletely defined; selective COX-3 inhibition…

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Acepromazine Maleate Acepromazine is a phenothiazine tranquilizer used for sedation and as a preanesthetic adjunct. Group Phenothiazine tranquilizer; sedative; preanesthetic adjunct Mechanism of Action Central dopamine-receptor antagonism produces tranquilization and contributes to antiemetic activity. Alpha-1 adrenergic blockade causes peripheral vasodilation and can lower blood pressure. Concurrent anesthetic requirements may fall; this effect does not replace analgesia. Dose Rates Dogs Use…

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