Functions of Endocrine System Functions of Endocrine System are vast in animals and human body, these are like – Maintain homeostasis, Control chemical and water balance in body, Control growth and metabolism, Control embryonic development and preparation for nurturing a newborn, Influence sexual behavior, stimulate growth and maturation of the genitalia, Feedback to the nervous […]
Endocrine System of animals The Endocrine system of animals consists of many ductless glands which secrete hormones directly into the blood stream. These hormones affect processes like metabolism, sex drive etc. A wide variety of physiological processes are carried out by the endocrine system through chemical messengers called “hormones”. Nervous system is wired control system of
Autacoid Pharmacology Autacoid Pharmacology will covers all pharmacological values of autacoids. Autacoid (Autos– self; akos– healing substance or remedy) are diverse substance produced by a wide variety of cells in the body, having intense biological activity; but generally act locally at the site of synthesis and release. Autacoids involved in a number of physiological and
Cholinergic Pharmacology Cholinergic Pharmacology will cover these headings- Cholinergic neurotransmission Cholinergic receptors Cholinergic drugs Anticholinesterase drugs OPC poisoning in animals Cholinergic antagonists Atropine and the other muscarinic receptor antagonists
Adrenergic neuron blocking drugs Adrenergic neuron blocking drugs act on pre junctional adrenergic neurons to interfere with or adrenaline synthesis, storage or release. Some drugs also affect the reuptake of the released nor adrenaline from synaptic cleft. Adrenergic neuron blocking drugs are classified in- Drugs that affect nor-adrenaline synthesis– α-methyl-p-tyrosine, Carbidopa, α- methyldopa Drugs that
Alpha and Beta adrenergic receptor antagonists Labetolol is a α and β adrenergic receptor antagonists. Labetolol at lower doses blocks only β receptors but at higher doses blocks both α and β receptors. Labetolol Labetolol at lower doses blocks only β receptors but at higher doses blocks both α and β receptors. though it non
Beta adrenergic receptors antagonists Beta (β) adrenergic receptors antagonists are grouped as Non-selective β adrenergic receptor antagonists and Selective β adrenergic receptor antagonists. 1. Non-selective β adrenergic receptor antagonists Propranolol is a popular Non-selective β adrenergic receptor antagonist drug Propranolol Propranolol interacts with both β1 and β2 receptors and blocks them competitively. It has powerful local anesthetic
Alpha receptor adrenergic antagonists α receptor adrenergic antagonists inhibit all responses mediated through α adrenergic receptors without affecting those mediated by β adrenergic receptors. Based on α-receptors sub-types these drug antagonize. these are further divided into- 1. Non-selective α-adrenergic receptor antagonists Non-selective α adrenergic receptor antagonists block both alpha1 and alpha2 adrenoceptors. important examples are
Adrenergic antagonists in animals Adrenergic antagonists or Antiadrenergic drugs in animals are drugs that interfere with the functions of the sympathetic nervous system either by blocking the adrenergic receptors or by interfering the synthesis, storage or release of nor adrenaline in sympathetic nerve terminals. Differences between adrenergic receptor antagonists and adrenergic neuron blocking drugs Adrenergic
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonists β2 adrenergic receptor agonists relax smooth muscles of bronchi and uterus and blood vessels of skeletal muscles. At high doses may exhibit β1 action on heart. Tachycardia is common after systemic administration which is due to the agonistic action of β1 receptors. Long term use of β2 receptor agonists, may result in their down
