Timolol Timolol is a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocker used topically for ocular pressure control. Veterinary applications commonly involve combination treatment with a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. It also has a prophylactic role in selected fellow eyes of dogs with unilateral primary glaucoma. The magnitude of pressure reduction differs among species and disease states. Group Ophthalmic nonselective beta-blocker

Dorzolamide Dorzolamide is a topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used to lower intraocular pressure. Its veterinary role includes primary and selected secondary glaucomas in dogs and cats, with additional equine applications. It is available alone or with timolol. Its pressure-lowering effect principally reflects reduced aqueous-humor formation rather than alteration of pupil size. Group Topical carbonic anhydrase

Methocarbamol Methocarbamol is a centrally acting skeletal-muscle relaxant used for selected muscle spasm and rigidity syndromes. Veterinary applications include acute traumatic or inflammatory musculoskeletal conditions and control of tremors associated with some intoxications. Its clinical contribution is reduction of excessive muscle activity, often alongside separate treatment of pain or the underlying cause. Group Centrally acting

Fluoxetine Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor used in veterinary behavioral medicine. Its established canine role is separation anxiety alongside behavioral modification. Extra-label applications include selected compulsive or anxiety-associated disorders in dogs and urine marking or other anxiety-related problems in cats. The active metabolite norfluoxetine contributes to prolonged pharmacologic activity. Group Selective serotonin reuptake

Trazodone Trazodone is a serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor used extra-label for anxiety and calming in veterinary patients. Applications include situational fear, hospital handling and tolerance of postoperative confinement in dogs. Selected feline uses involve short-term handling or transport-related distress. Its behavioral and sedative effects vary with exposure and patient response. Group Serotonin antagonist/reuptake inhibitor;

Telmisartan Telmisartan is an angiotensin-II receptor blocker used in veterinary renal and cardiovascular medicine. Established feline applications include systemic hypertension and reduction of proteinuria associated with chronic kidney disease, with product indications differing by region. It is also used extra-label in selected dogs with proteinuric kidney disease or hypertension. Group Angiotensin II AT1-receptor blocker Mechanism

Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG/PMSG) Equine chorionic gonadotropin, historically called pregnant mare serum gonadotropin, is a glycoprotein hormone obtained from pregnant mares. It has FSH- and LH-like activity in non-equine species and is used to promote follicular development. Veterinary applications include anestrus treatment, reproductive synchronization and superovulation within species-specific fertility programs. Group Gonadotropin; FSH- and LH-like

Progesterone Progesterone is the natural luteal steroid hormone essential to regulation of the estrous cycle and support of pregnancy. Veterinary preparations provide controlled progestational exposure in reproductive-management protocols. A principal application is synchronization of estrus or ovulation in cattle, including selected noncycling animals, using an appropriate sustained-release product. Group Progestogen hormone Mechanism of Action Progesterone

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) Human chorionic gonadotropin is a glycoprotein hormone with predominantly luteinizing-hormone-like activity. Veterinary therapeutic uses include induction of ovulation and treatment of selected reproductive disorders. It acts directly at gonadal receptors, distinguishing it from GnRH analogues that stimulate pituitary gonadotropin release. Diagnostic gonadal-response testing is a separate application. Group Gonadotropin; predominantly LH-like

Buserelin Buserelin is a potent synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue used in veterinary reproduction. Its principal applications rely on pituitary gonadotropin release to induce ovulation or coordinate reproductive events. Clinical protocols include selected ovarian disorders and timed-insemination programs in cattle, with additional supported uses in mares and rabbits. Group GnRH agonist Mechanism of Action Buserelin binds