Adrenaline or Epinephrine Adrenaline or Epinephrine is an endogenous catecholamine and major hormone secreted by adrenal medulla. Commercial preparation is white to off white micro crystalline powder or granules which on exposure to light turns reddish (due to oxidation) with loss of activity. Both endogenous and commercial adrenaline is in levo form which is 15 […]

Difference between Catecholamine and non-catecholamine drugs Before going through difference between Catecholamine and non-catecholamine drugs. have a look of examples of Catecholamine drugs are Adrenaline, Noradrenaline, Dopamine and Isoprenaline and Non-Catecholamines are Amphetamine, Ephedrine, Pseudoephedrine. Catecholamines Non catecholamines Contain hydroxyl groups at position 3 and 4 on the benzene ring Lack one or both hydroxyl

Adrenergic Pharmacology Adrenergic Pharmacology deals with Adrenergic neurons in the periphery are postganglionic sympathetic neurons whose cell bodies lie in sympathetic ganglia. They generally have long axons which end in a series of varicosities strung along the branching terminal network. These varicosities contain numerous synaptic vesicles, which are absent in other parts of the neuron and

Antipsychotic drugs for animals Antipsychotic drugs for animals are agents which gives calmness in psychotic or maniac states of animals. Phenothiazines are used as antipsychotic drugs. Phenothiazines are- Mechanism of action Pharmacological actions On CNS as Local anesthesia On CVS on Skeletal muscles on Endocrine system Features of different antipsychotic drugs Adverse effects Uses of

Analeptics drugs in animals Analeptics drugs in animals are the drug these stimulates central nervous system and respiratory system. used in coma or fainting but may cause convulsions and not safe to use. Clinical uses of analeptics as respiratory stimulation In hypnotic drug poisoning in the absence of mechanical ventilation Suffocation on drowning Apnoea in

Doping and euthanasia drugs Doping and euthanasia drugs are drugs which has ethical and unethical use. using of these types of drugs only limited to licensed veterinarian. Drugs used for doping One of the important duties of a veterinarian is to check the health status of animals during racing and during sports like bullfight. In

Anticonvulsant drugs in animals Anticonvulsant drugs in animals are used to reduce convulsions or seizures or epilepsy. epilepsy is a condition frequently reported in dogs and cats. Seizure is the term used for altered brain function, loss of consciousness and increased muscle tone or movement, altered sensations and other neurological changes. Convulsive seizure is the

CNS depressants in animals CNS depressants in animals are these tranquillizers and some general anesthetics used- Tranquilizer sedatives (Ataratics) General anaesthetics

Opioids drugs in animals Opioids drugs in animals are commonly used as narcotic analgesics. Narcotic is a Greek word used for stupor and this word narcotic is most appropriately used for any drug that induces sleep. Opium has been used in medicine since the dawn of history. Opium is the air-dried milky exudates obtained from the