Chlorpheniramine Maleate
Chlorpheniramine Maleate (CPM) is a Alkylamine derivative Antihistamine (H1 Histamine blocker). Other commonly used antihistamines include pheniramine, diphenhydramine, cetirizine, Levocetirizine, Meclizine and hydroxyzine.
Group
Chlorpheniramine Maleate is grouped in Antihistamines (H1-blocker).
Mechanism of Action
Chlorpheniramine Maleate acts by blocking the H1 receptor and suppresses inflammatory reactions caused by histamine.
Dose Rates
Dog and Cat: 0.5 -2 mg/kg q12hrs IV, PO, SC, IM
Cattle: 0.25-0.5mg/kg IM q12hrs IV, PO, SC, IM
Sheep and Goat: 0.25-0.5mg/kg IM q12hrs IV, PO, SC, IM
Horse: 0.25-0.5mg/kg IM q12hrs IV, PO, SC, IM
Indications
- Control pruritus and skin inflammation in dogs and cats
- Allergic reactions
- Itching, eczema, dermatitis, insect bite, tail eczema in horses
- Inflammation of the hooves in cattle
- Anaphylactic shock
- Laminitis & bloat in cattle
- Mild antiemetic effect
For anaphylactic shock, order of the best suitable treatment is-
Chlorpheniramine Maleate < Dexamethasone < Adrenaline
Contraindications
- Antimuscarinic effects (atropine-like effects) are common so do not use in conditions for which anticholinergic drugs may be contraindicated.
Interactions
- No interaction reported!
Adverse effects
- Sedation is the most common side effect of Chlorpheniramine Maleate
- Dry mouth and decreased GI secretions (atropine like effect)
Chlorpheniramine Maleate cause sedation side effect due to inhibition of Histamine-N-Methyltransferase.
Toxicity
The estimated lethal dose of Chlorpheniramine Maleate is 25 to 50mg/kg body weight. Symptoms and signs include sedation, paradoxical excitation of the CNS, toxic psychosis, convulsions, apnoea, anticholinergic effects, dystonic reactions and cardiovascular collapse including arrhythmias.
Preparations
Injectables: 10mg/mL
Tablets: 2 mg, 4 mg, 8 mg
Syrups: 2 mg/5mL
More about Chlorpheniramine Maleate for animals
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