Prochlorperazine
Prochlorperazine is a phenothiazine antiemetic.
Group
Phenothiazine antiemetic
Mechanism of Action
Blocks central dopamine D2 signaling involved in vomiting.
Dose Rates
Dogs
| Use / stage | Dose | Route | Schedule | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vomiting | 0.1–0.5 mg/kg | IM, IV, SC | Every 6–8 h | |
| Vomiting | 0.5–1 mg/kg | PO | Every 6–8 h | |
| Vomiting | 0.5 mg/kg | IM, SC | Every 8 h | Ensure adequate hydration. |
| Vomiting | 0.1 mg/kg | IM | Every 6–8 h | Extreme caution with dehydration or hypotension. |
Cats
| Use / stage | Dose | Route | Schedule | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vomiting | 0.1–0.5 mg/kg | IM, IV, SC | Every 6–8 h | |
| Vomiting | 0.5–1 mg/kg | PO | Every 6–8 h | |
| Vomiting | 0.5 mg/kg | IM, SC | Every 8 h | Ensure adequate hydration. |
Indications
- Vomiting
- Reported tranquilization
Contraindications
- Seizure-prone or other CNS disease requires caution.
Interactions
- Potentiates sedatives.
Adverse effects
- Sedation, hypotension and extrapyramidal movement disorders.
Toxicity
Severe phenothiazine effects include hypotension, CNS depression and extrapyramidal abnormalities. Manage circulation and neurologic signs with a patient-specific plan.
Preparations
| Preparation | Form | Strength | Route |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prochlorperazine maleate 5 mg | Tablet | 5 mg / tablet | PO |
| Prochlorperazine maleate 10 mg | Tablet | 10 mg / tablet | PO |
| Prochlorperazine maleate 25 mg | Tablet | 25 mg / tablet | PO |
| Prochlorperazine edisylate injection 5 mg/mL | Injection | 5 mg / mL | IM, IV, SC |
Monitoring and Administration
Observe sedation, blood pressure and abnormal movements. Discard injectable solution with milky precipitate; protect from light.
Do not use prochlorperazine solution with visible precipitate or substantial discoloration; slight yellowing alone does not establish potency loss.