Oxytetracycline for Animals

Oxytetracycline

Oxytetracycline is a tetracycline antibacterial.

Group

Tetracycline antibacterial

Mechanism of Action

Binds bacterial 30S ribosomes, inhibiting protein synthesis; activity is usually bacteriostatic.

Dose Rates

Dogs

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Bacterial infection7.5–10 mg/kgIVEvery 12 h
Bacterial infection20 mg/kgPOEvery 12 h
Bacterial infection22 mg/kgPOEvery 8 hUp to 14 days
Bacterial infection20 mg/kgPOEvery 8–12 h
Depot antibacterial treatment20 mg/kgIMEvery 168 hRepositol formulation specifically; do not apply to conventional injection.
Salmon poisoning adjunct7 mg/kgIVEvery 8 hUp to 5 days; Reported course 3-5 days.
Antibiotic-responsive diarrhea10–20 mg/kgPOEvery 8 h

Cats

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Bacterial infection7.5–10 mg/kgIVEvery 12 h
Bacterial infection20 mg/kgPOEvery 12 h
Hemotropic mycoplasmosis10–25 mg/kgPO, IVEvery 8 hUp to 7 days; Reported 5-7 days; persistent infection can remain.
Bacterial infection20 mg/kgPOEvery 8–12 h
Inflammatory bowel disease antibiotic trial10–20 mg/kgPOEvery 8 h

Horses

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Rickettsial and other susceptible infection10 mg/kgIV, IMEvery 24 hSlow IV administration; IM use may cause pain and local reactions.
Piroplasmosis5–6 mg/kgIVEvery 24 hUp to 7 days
Flexural limb deformity44 mg/kgIVEvery 24 hUp to 2 days; Foals only; give slowly. Two doses 24 hours apart. Reported regimen describes escalation up to 70 mg/kg and approximately 2-3 g/foal.
Flexural limb deformity70 mg/kgIVEvery 24 hUp to 2 days; Higher reported foal regimen; give slowly and reassess before the second dose.
Foal bacterial infection5–10 mg/kgIVEvery 12 hFoals; dilute and administer slowly.
Foal bacterial infection10–20 mg/kgIVEvery 24 hFoals; dilute and administer slowly.
Rickettsial infection6.6 mg/kgIVEvery 24 hDilute at least 1:1; administer slowly or in 500-1000 mL fluid.
Lyme disease5–6.6 mg/kgIVEvery 12 hUp to 28 days; Reported 3-4 week course.
Potomac horse fever6.6 mg/kgIVEvery 12 hUp to 5 days; Usually no more than 5 days.
Proliferative enteropathy in foals5–6.6 mg/kgIVEvery 12 hUp to 7 days; Initial 3-7 days then doxycycline 10 mg/kg PO every 12 hours for 7-17 days.
Proliferative enteropathy combination10–18 mg/kgIVEvery 24 hSlow IV with metronidazole 10-15 mg/kg PO every 8-12 hours.

Cattle

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Enteric bacterial infection in calves11 mg/kgPOEvery 24 h
Pneumonia in calves11 mg/kgPOEvery 12 h
Systemic bacterial infection11 mg/kgIVEvery 12 h
Long-acting antibacterial treatment20 mg/kgIMOnceLong-acting formulation only.
Long-acting product antibacterial treatment20–30 mg/kgIMEvery 72–120 hDo not use in: Established renal insufficiency; Oxy-LA 200 mg/mL product: repeat after 3-5 days if necessary; deep IM. Meat withdrawal 30 days, milk 14 days.
Long-acting antibacterial treatment20 mg/kgSCOnceLA-200 formulation.
Bacterial infection with conventional schedule6.6–11 mg/kgIM, SC, IVEvery 24 hUp to 4 days; Product-specific label alternative; slow IV over at least 5 minutes when specified; reassess within 24-48 hours.
Respiratory disease control30 mg/kgIM, SCOnce300 mg/mL Tetradure formulation.
Pneumonia or infectious keratoconjunctivitis20–30 mg/kgIM, SCOnce300 mg/mL product-specific alternative.
Respiratory bacterial infection11 mg/kgIM, SCEvery 24 h50 mg/mL conventional injection.
Respiratory bacterial infection11 mg/kgIVEvery 12–24 h50 mg/mL conventional injection.
Respiratory bacterial infection20 mg/kgIMEvery 24 h100 mg/mL product.
Respiratory bacterial infection20 mg/kgIMEvery 72–96 h200 mg/mL long-acting product.
Anthrax4.4 mg/kgIM, IVEvery 24 hMay negate a recent live anthrax vaccination in healthy animals.
Anaplasmosis carrier treatment22 mg/kgIM, IVEvery 24 hUp to 5 days; Conventional 50/100 mg/mL product; IV diluted in saline, IM no more than 10 mL/site.
Anaplasmosis carrier treatment11 mg/kgIM, IVEvery 24 hUp to 10 days; Conventional 50/100 mg/mL product; IV diluted in saline, IM no more than 10 mL/site.
Anaplasmosis carrier treatment20 mg/kgIMEvery 72 hDepot formulation, four treatments in divided deep-IM sites.
Anaplasmosis herd protection6.6–11 mg/kgIMEvery 504–672 hConventional formulation during vector season, extending 1-2 months afterwards.
Anaplasmosis herd protection20 mg/kgIMEvery 672 hDepot formulation alternative.
Pneumonia11 mg/kgSCEvery 24 h
Pneumonia20 mg/kgIMEvery 48 hDepot formulation.

Pigs

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Bacterial infection6.6–11 mg/kgIMEvery 24 h
Bacterial infection10–20 mg/kgIMEvery 24 h
Bacterial infection20 mg/kgIMEvery 48 h
Long-acting product antibacterial treatment20 mg/kgIMEvery 72–120 hOxy-LA product; a second dose may be required after 3-5 days.
Anthrax4.4 mg/kgIM, IVEvery 24 hMay negate a recent live anthrax vaccination in healthy animals.
Sow periparturient enteritis control6.6 mg/kgIMOnce300 mg/mL product: about 8 hours before farrowing or immediately after completion.
Bacterial infection10–20 mg/kgPOEvery 6 h
Conventional injection antibacterial treatment — Initial10 mg/kgIMOnce
Conventional injection antibacterial treatment — Maintenance7.5 mg/kgIMEvery 24 h

Buffalo

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Long-acting product antibacterial treatment20–30 mg/kgIMEvery 72–120 hDo not use in: Established renal insufficiency; Oxy-LA 200 mg/mL product: repeat after 3-5 days if necessary; deep IM. Meat withdrawal 30 days, milk 14 days.

Camel

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Long-acting product antibacterial treatment20–30 mg/kgIMEvery 72–120 hDo not use in: Established renal insufficiency; Oxy-LA 200 mg/mL product: repeat after 3-5 days if necessary; deep IM. Meat withdrawal 30 days, milk 14 days.

Sheep

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Long-acting product antibacterial treatment20–30 mg/kgIMEvery 72–120 hDo not use in: Established renal insufficiency; Oxy-LA 200 mg/mL product: repeat after 3-5 days if necessary; deep IM. Meat withdrawal 30 days, milk 14 days.
Anthrax4.4 mg/kgIM, IVEvery 24 hMay negate a recent live anthrax vaccination in healthy animals.
Enteritis or pneumonia22 mg/kgPOEvery 24 hUp to 14 days; In drinking water for 7-14 days.

Goat

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Long-acting product antibacterial treatment20–30 mg/kgIMEvery 72–120 hDo not use in: Established renal insufficiency; Oxy-LA 200 mg/mL product: repeat after 3-5 days if necessary; deep IM. Meat withdrawal 30 days, milk 14 days.
Anthrax4.4 mg/kgIM, IVEvery 24 hMay negate a recent live anthrax vaccination in healthy animals.
Enteritis or pneumonia22 mg/kgPOEvery 24 hUp to 14 days; In drinking water for 7-14 days.

Poultry

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Long-acting product antibacterial treatment30–60 mg/kgIMEvery 72–120 hOxy-LA product instruction derived from 0.15-0.30 mL/kg at 200 mg/mL; no egg withdrawal supplied.

Rabbits

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Susceptible infection15 mg/kgSC, IMEvery 8 h
Susceptible infection15–50 mg/kgPOEvery 24 h
Reported E. cuniculi adjunct20 mg/kgSCEvery 24 hHistorical reported use; efficacy is not established by this dose listing.

Chinchillas

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Susceptible infection50 mg/kgPOEvery 12 h

Gerbils

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Susceptible infection10 mg/kgPOEvery 8 h
Susceptible infection20 mg/kgSCEvery 24 h

Guinea pigs

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Susceptible infection50 mg/kgPOEvery 12 h

Hamsters

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Susceptible infection16 mg/kgSCEvery 24 h

Mice

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Susceptible infection10–20 mg/kgPOEvery 8 h

Rats

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Susceptible infection10–20 mg/kgPOEvery 8 h
Susceptible infection6–10 mg/kgIMEvery 12 h

Birds

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Chlamydiosis50 mg/kgIMEvery 72–120 h200 mg/mL depot product; severe local tissue reactions possible.
Chlamydiosis outbreak control200 mg/kgIMEvery 24 hUp to 5 days; Separate historical 3-5 day report with oral tetracycline transition; high exposure and local injury risk require species-specific assessment.

Reptiles

Use / stageDoseRouteScheduleInstructions
Susceptible infection10 mg/kgPOEvery 24 hUp to 7 days; Turtles and tortoises; reported ulcerative stomatitis use.

Indications

  • Susceptible respiratory, enteric, skin and urinary infections
  • Anaplasmosis and rickettsial infections
  • Equine piroplasmosis
  • Foal flexural deformities
  • Bacterial infection
  • Depot antibacterial treatment
  • Salmon poisoning adjunct
  • Antibiotic-responsive diarrhea
  • Hemotropic mycoplasmosis
  • Inflammatory bowel disease antibiotic trial
  • Foal bacterial infection
  • Rickettsial infection
  • Lyme disease
  • Potomac horse fever
  • Proliferative enteropathy in foals
  • Proliferative enteropathy combination
  • Long-acting antibacterial treatment
  • Bacterial infection with conventional schedule
  • Respiratory disease control
  • Pneumonia or infectious keratoconjunctivitis
  • Respiratory bacterial infection
  • Anthrax
  • Anaplasmosis carrier treatment
  • Anaplasmosis herd protection
  • Pneumonia
  • Sow periparturient enteritis control
  • Conventional injection antibacterial treatment
  • Enteritis or pneumonia
  • Susceptible infection
  • Reported E. cuniculi adjunct
  • Chlamydiosis
  • Chlamydiosis outbreak control

Contraindications

  • Prolonged treatment in growing animals may discolor teeth.
  • Large IM volumes cause local injury.

Interactions

  • Chelates calcium, iron, aluminum and magnesium; these can reduce absorption or cause incompatibility.

Adverse effects

  • Injection pain, diarrhea or colic in horses, feline drug fever; excessive doses can cause renal or hepatic injury and metabolic abnormalities.

Toxicity

Excess exposure can cause gastrointestinal disease, renal accumulation and rumen stasis. Rapid IV tetracycline or propylene-glycol vehicle can provoke collapse, arrhythmias or hemolysis; dilution and slow administration are important.

Preparations

PreparationFormStrengthRoute
Oxytetracycline injection 100 mg/mLInjection100 mg / mLIV, IM
Oxytetracycline injection 200 mg/mLInjection200 mg / mLIV, IM
Oxytetracycline 250 mgTablet250 mg / tabletPO
Oxytetracycline 500 mgTablet500 mg / tabletPO
Oxy-LA injection 200 mg/mL
Selmore Pharmaceuticals
Oxytetracycline equivalent as HCl; long-acting deep IM product. Shake before use; do not use with established renal insufficiency. Product withdrawal: meat 30 days, milk 14 days.
Injection200 mg / mLIM
Oxytetracycline conventional injection 50 mg/mLInjection50 mg / mLIV, IM, SC
Oxytetracycline 300 mg/mL long-acting injection
Tetradure-type source presentation; IV use only when the exact product instructions authorize it.
Injection300 mg / mLIM, SC
Terramycin oxytetracycline/polymyxin B ophthalmic ointment
Sterile ocular ointment contains oxytetracycline HCl 5 mg and polymyxin B sulfate activity 10000 IU per gram; no single-component calculator opt-in.
Otheroxytetracycline hydrochloride 5 mg / g + polymyxin b 10000 IU / gTOPICAL

Monitoring and Administration

Conventional and long-acting injections require different schedules; long-acting behavior does not apply to IV administration. Limit IM volume to 10 mL/site in cattle and 5 mL/site in pigs.

Inject IV slowly and monitor hydration, renal function and gastrointestinal signs. Use diluted injection immediately; protect stock from light.

Unnormalized local protocols include equine intrauterine 1-5 g using povidone-based products only. Canine tear-staining reports use 25-50 mg/day with two-week on/off cycles; antimicrobial stewardship and uncertain benefit limit this indication. Pregnant-ewes campylobacteriosis and some bovine anaplasmosis/listeriosis lines lack an explicit route; they are not assigned one.

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