Cruciate Ligament Rupture is one of the most common injuries in dogs and the major cause of degenerative joint disease (DJD) in stifle joint.

Hip Dysplasia in Dogs is a deformity of the hip joint that occurs during growth characterized by joint laxity.

Osteochondrosis Disease (OCD) is a disturbance of cell differentiation in metaphyseal growth plates and joint cartilage.

Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD) or Arthrosis refers to a noninflammatory degenerative joint condition characterized by a lack of inflammation in the synovial lining and the presence of normal or near-normal synovial fluid.

Joint Diseases are classified in Non inflammatory joint disease and Inflammatory joint disease.

Chronic Luxation of Patella in Cattle Chronic Luxation of Patella in Cattle is the impaired patellar function characterized by jerky movements during flexion to complete immobilisation of the joints. Animal fixes its ‘limb in extension’ while the patella glides up over the trochlea to its maximum height on the articular surface. Chronic Luxation of Patella

Septic Laminitis in Cattle results when a foreign body punctures the solar corium directly. The result is invariably a purulent and necrotic infection of the damaged tissues which depends on the precise site of penetration.

Sole Ulcers in Cattle are more common in lateral claws of hind limb and medial claws of forelimb. The seat of lesion is at the corium that overlies the flexor process of the third phalanx.

Pododermatitis Circumspecta in Bovines Pododermatitis Circumspecta or Bruised Sole or Contusion of the sole in Bovines is the specific lesion affecting the sole or sole-heel junction starting as a haemorrhage in the corium and leading to loss of horn over the area with the resulting track to the bearing surface. There is a passage of

Capped Hock or Calcaneal Bursitis in Horses is caused by the bursitis of the subcutaneous calcaneal bursa at the point of hock.