The lingual muscles or Muscles of the Tongue are divided in extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue. Extrinsic muscles of the tongue Stylo-glossus It is a long muscle on the ventro-lateral face of the tongue. Origin: Great cornu of the hyoid bone, near its anterior extremity. Insertion:It terminates near the tip of tongue by blending with […]
The muscles of respiration / Muscles of the Thorax attached to the thoracic vertebrae, ribs and their cartilages and sternum constitute the muscles of the thorax or the costal region. They are Serratus thoracis Levatores costarum External intercostals Internal intercostals Retractor costarum Rectus thoracis Transversus thoracis Diaphragm Serratus thoracis This muscle is thin and flat
The cervical part of the cutaneous muscle is present The sterno-cephalicus is well developed. The omo-hyoideus is absent. The scalenus is very long. The rectus capitis ventralis major arises from the transverse processes of the second to the 6th cervical vertebra. The spleneus is extensive. The complexus consists of two parts.
A cutaneous colli is present. The sterno-mandibualaris alone represents sternocephalicus. The sterno-thyro-hyoid is a digastric muscle . The hyoid band is larger and is closely applied to its fellow till its insertion. The scalenus dorsalis is less extensive. The omo-hyoideus (also called subscapulohyoideus) arises from the subscapular fascia.
The cutaneous muscle is absent in the region of the neck. The cervical muscles of neck may be divided into two groups- ventral cervical and lateral cervical Ventral cervical group These muscles lie below and lateral to the cervical vertebrae and are for the most part found around the trachea. They are Sterno-cephalicus Sterno-thyro-hyoideus Omo-hyoideus Scalenus Rectus capitis
The facial cutaneous is well developed The orbicularis oris is rudimentary The levator naso labialis is not divided. The levator labii superioris terminates by numerous small tendons, some of which unite with those of opposite muscle. And others are inserted in to the nostrils. A triangular muscle which originates inferior to the levator labii superiois represents the dilator naris lateralis. The other dilator muscles of the
The cutaneous muscle of the head is less developed. The orbicularis oris is a complete sphincter. The levator labii superioris proprius inserted by a common tendon with its fellow to the upper lip. The depressor labii superioris is absent. Transversus nasi is unpaired and lies between the nostrils. The corrugator supercilli is a separate muscle. Malaris is thin and levator buccalis is absent. There is an additional muscle in
The Muscles of the orbital region / eyeball are enclosed in superficial and deep fasciae. They are seven in number as four straight, one retractor and two oblique muscles. They are as follows Rectus superioris (dorsalis) Rectus inferioris (ventralis) Rectus medialis Rectus lateralis Retractor oculi Oblique superior Oblique inferior Straight muscles The straight muscles are
Muscles of the hyoid region are- Mylo-hyoideus Stylo-hyoideus Genio-hyoideus Occipito-hyoideus Kerato-hyoideus Hyoideus transversus Sterno-thyro-hyoideus Omo-hyoideus Mylo-hyoideus The two muscles form a sling for the tongue. Origin: Medial face of the mandible, below the alveolar bone. Insertion:Medial fibrous raphe and lingual process of the hyoid bone. Action: To raise the tongue and hyoid bone. Blood supply: Sublingual artery. Nerve
They are the mandibular muscles or muscles of mastication. Muscles of the temporo-mandibular region are as follows- Masseter Temporalis Pterygoideus medialis Pterygoideus lateralis Digastricus Masseter This muscle is situated on the lateral face of the broad part of the ramus of the mandible. Origin: Zygomatic arch, facial crest and facial tuberosity. Insertion: Lateral face and posterior border of
