Ox
Shoulder joint is an enarthrosis (Ball and socket joints) formed between the glenoid cavity of the scapula and the head of the Humerus
Ligaments
- Capsular ligament is the only ligament, which is loose and is protected by the several muscles of the shoulder around the joint.
- The position of the joints not fixed because both the bones can move.
Motion
- Polyaxial
- Extension and flexion are best marked
- Adduction and abduction and circumduction are also present.
Horse
- No difference.
Dog
- The rim of the glenoid cavity is raised by a marginal cartilage.
