The Nerve to stomach and intestine is from the autonomic nervous system and consists of non-medullated sympathetic fibres and medullated preganglionic parasympathetic fibres. They reach the intestinal wall through the mesentery and form a myenteric plexus or plexus of Auerbach in the inter-muscular connective tissue, in association with the ganglion cells of the parasympathetic system. From the plexus, fine […]
The arteries reach the gastro-intestinal trunk through the mesentery or omentum, gives off small branches to serosa and pass through the muscular coats to submucosa where they form an extensive plexus of large vessels called Heller’s plexus. From this plexus, one set of branches passes outward to supply the muscular coats and another set passes inward
The large Intestine consists of caecum, colon and rectum and the general structure of these parts are similar. The structure of large intestine resembles that of the small intestine except for the following differences. Mucosa There are no villi. Intestinal glands or crypts of Lieberkuhn are present throughout and they are longer and straighter. The
Intestine consists to two parts – small and large. The small intestine is divisible into three portions, – duodenum, jejunum and ileum, which gradually pass into one another. Their general structure is similar although each division has certain distinctive features. The intestinal wall consists of a mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and a serosa. Tunica mucosa This may be divided into the following layers: Epithelium Lamina
The wall of the stomach is composed of a mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and serosa. Tunica mucosa consists of- Surface epithelium, The glandular lamina propria, and Muscularis mucosae Mucosa Surface epithelium It begins abruptly at the jagged border of stratified squamous epithelium of the oesophageal mucosa. It consists of a single layer of high columnar cells.
The wall of the fore stomach consists of a non-glandular mucous membrane, a two-layered muscular tunic, and a serosa. Rumen The mucosa forms large tongue shaped or conical papillae. The mucosa has neither gland nor lymph nodules. The stratified squamous epithelium is of the cornifying type and the stratum corneum forms relatively thick layer on
The wall of the stomach consists of a mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and serosa tunics. The true gastric mucosa is characterized by the presence of gastric glands. Only the stomach of man and carnivores are lined by gastric mucosa exclusively. In solipeds and swine the oesophageal portion of the stomach bears a cutaneous mucosa (stratified squamous
The wall of Oesophagus consists of a mucous membrane lined by stratified squamous epithelium and a muscular coat, which in the cervical region is covered by a loose fibrous adventitia. In the thoracic region, the latter is replaced by a serous membrane. Mucosa It is lined by stratified squamous epithelium and is thrown into longitudinal
The digestive tube is lined internally by a continuous mucous membrane, which begins at the mouth and ends at the anus. Beginning with the Oesophagus, the alimentary canal has a wall made up of four layers or tunics, which have some common general, features and specific regional characteristics. The four coats are from within outwards.
Taste buds are microscopic structures found in the epithelium of the fungiform, foliate and circumvallate papillae of the tongue; they are also found widely separated in the soft palate; epiglottis and the free edge of the vocal folds. They are ellipsoid bodies embedded in an upright position in the epithelium of the mucous membrane. The
