Regions of cerebral hemisphere Regions of cerebral hemisphere in animals are Frontal lobe, Parietal lobe, Occipital lobe and Temproal lobe. Topographical organization of cerebral cortex Frontal lobe Motor areas of frontal lobe Prefrontal areas of frontal lobe Parietal lobe Parietal lobe have areas concerned with sensory function Somesthetic area or primary sensory cortex
Functions of Specific and non-specific nuclei of thalamus Functions of Specific and non-specific nuclei of thalamus is described below separately. Functions of Non-specific nuclei Non-specific nuclei plays a dominant role in the control of cerebral excitability by antagonizing ascending reticular formation. Nonspecific thalamic nuclei are responsible for the production of α-rhythm in an awake, resting
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Echocardiography or Cardiac Ultrasonography in animals employs high frequency sound waves greater than 20,000 Hz. These ultrasound waves when passed through the tissues are reflected back from the tissues based on the acoustic impedance of the tissue.
Renin-angiotensin system start when there is decrease in renal arterial pressure, ECF or blood volume, stimulation of sympathetic nerves or disturbance in ECF sodium level causes release of renin from the juxta glomerular apparatus of the kidneys.
The skeleton of domestic animals refers to the complete framework of bones that provides structure, support, protection, and mobility to the bodies of animals such as dogs, cattle, horses and fowl.
Classification of bones is the grouping of bones based on their shape and function. Main types include long, flat, short, sesamoid, irregular, and pneumatic bones.
The composition of bone consists of organic and inorganic matter. Roughly, it contains 30% organic and 70% inorganic matter, though this proportion varies among bones from different parts of the body.
The anatomy can also be classified as- Special Anatomy which concerns with one species and Comparative anatomy compares with the other species.
Once the echoes are converted into electrical signals, these are processed and transformed into a visual display of measure of the amplitude of the echo. This is called echo quantification
Ultrasonography has the advantage of being safe, non-invasive procedure that can be performed quickly and easily with proper knowledge of the equipment.
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