Autacoid Pharmacology Autacoid Pharmacology will covers all pharmacological values of autacoids. Autacoid (Autos– self; akos– healing substance or remedy) are diverse substance produced by a wide variety of cells in the body, having intense biological activity; but generally act locally at the site of synthesis and release. Autacoids involved in a number of physiological and

Cholinergic Pharmacology Cholinergic Pharmacology will cover these headings- Cholinergic neurotransmission Cholinergic receptors Cholinergic drugs Anticholinesterase drugs OPC poisoning in animals Cholinergic antagonists Atropine and the other muscarinic receptor antagonists

Adrenergic neuron blocking drugs Adrenergic neuron blocking drugs act on pre junctional adrenergic neurons to interfere with or adrenaline synthesis, storage or release. Some drugs also affect the reuptake of the released nor adrenaline from synaptic cleft. Adrenergic neuron blocking drugs are classified in- Drugs that affect nor-adrenaline synthesis– α-methyl-p-tyrosine, Carbidopa, α- methyldopa Drugs that

Alpha and Beta adrenergic receptor antagonists Labetolol is a α and β adrenergic receptor antagonists. Labetolol at lower doses blocks only β receptors but at higher doses blocks both α and β receptors. Labetolol Labetolol at lower doses blocks only β receptors but at higher doses blocks both α and β receptors. though it non

Beta adrenergic receptors antagonists Beta (β) adrenergic receptors antagonists are grouped as Non-selective β adrenergic receptor antagonists and Selective β adrenergic receptor antagonists. 1. Non-selective β adrenergic receptor antagonists Propranolol is a popular Non-selective β adrenergic receptor antagonist drug Propranolol Propranolol interacts with both β1 and β2 receptors and blocks them competitively. It has powerful local anesthetic

Alpha receptor adrenergic antagonists α receptor adrenergic antagonists inhibit all responses mediated through α adrenergic receptors without affecting those mediated by β adrenergic receptors. Based on α-receptors sub-types these drug antagonize. these are further divided into- 1. Non-selective α-adrenergic receptor antagonists Non-selective α adrenergic receptor antagonists block both alpha1 and alpha2 adrenoceptors. important examples are

Adrenergic antagonists in animals Adrenergic antagonists or Antiadrenergic drugs in animals are drugs that interfere with the functions of the sympathetic nervous system either by blocking the adrenergic receptors or by interfering the synthesis, storage or release of nor adrenaline in sympathetic nerve terminals. Differences between adrenergic receptor antagonists and adrenergic neuron blocking drugs Adrenergic

Beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonists β2 adrenergic receptor agonists relax smooth muscles of bronchi and uterus and blood vessels of skeletal muscles. At high doses may exhibit β1 action on heart. Tachycardia is common after systemic administration which is due to the agonistic action of β1 receptors. Long term use of β2 receptor agonists, may result in their down

Beta-1 adrenergic receptor agonists β1 adrenergic receptor agonists such as Dobutamine will be described in this article. Dobutamine Dobutamine is a synthetic direct acting catecholamine with relatively selective β1 receptor agonistic action. Dobutamine resembles dopamine structurally, but does not cause release noradrenaline. Hence, dobutamine produces only β1 agonistic activity. Pharmacological effects of Dobutamine Intravenous infusion of dobutamine increase