Intersexes Intersexes are individuals in which the diagnosis of the sex is confused because of congenital anatomical variations. Occurrence Conditions in Intersexes Classification Intersexes may be separated into males or females based on: Hermaphrodites are usually classified on the basis of gonadal sex as: 1. True Hermaphrodites True hermaphrodites are rarely seen. Most frequent in […]
Embryonic duplications are malformations due to abnormal duplication of the germinal area in animals which giving rise to fetuses whose body structures are partially but not completely duplicated.
Anomalies of the trunk in animals include schistosomus reflexus, campylorrachis scoliosa, perosomus elumbis and horridus, cyclopia, and hydrocephalus.
Skeletal anomalies in animals include achondroplasia (bulldog calves), spina bifida or rachischisis, anury, and hemivertebrae.
Head and central nervous system anomalies include microcephalus, cyclopia, hydrocephalus, meningocele, facial fissures, lack of cranial etc.
Teratology is the division of embryology and pathology dealing with the abnormal development and malformations of the antenatal individual.
Mucometra or Hydrometra is noticed occasionally in cattle. Both are similar except for degree of hydration of the mucin present in uterus.
Pyometra in cattle is the accumulation of pus in the uterus by a retained corpus luteum with failure of estrum.
Fetal Maceration is the failure of aborting fetus to be expelled due to uterine inertia in cervix, when invaded by bacteria cause autolysis.
Fetal Mummification is the death of the fetus at middle of gestation or at the last 3rd of gestation period which leads to autolytic changes.
