There are thirteen pairs of dorsal spinal nerves and their arrangements are almost similar. The dorsal branches pass up into the intertransverse space and divide into medial and lateral branches of which the former supply the spinal muscles and skin of the region. The lateral branches are directed upward, pass through the longissimus dorsi and […]
There are eight pairs of cervical spinal nerves. The first of these emerges through the intervertebral foramen of atlas, the second through the border of the arch of the axis and the eighth between the seventh cervical and the first dorsal vertebrae. First cervical The dorsal branch supplies the anterior oblique and the dorsal straight muscles
these Spinal Nerves are presents in animals- Cervical spinal nerves Thoracic spinal nerves Brachial plexus Lumbar spinal nerves Sacral spinal nerves Lumbo-Sacral plexus
Hypoglossal nerve is the motor nerve to the muscles of the tongue. Its fibres arise from the ventral face of the medulla oblongata in a series lateral to the posterior half of the pyramid. The filaments converge into three or four bundles that perforate the dura and unite to form the nerve. The nerve then
Spinal accessory nerve is a motor nerve. It has two roots, the medullary and spinal. The medullary root arises from the lateral aspect of the medulla by several rootlets behind and in a series with those of the vagus. The spinal root arises from the cervical part of the spinal cord by a series of
Vagus nerve or Pneumogastric nerve is a mixed nerve. It is the longest and the most widely distributed of all the cranial nerves. It is attached to the lateral aspect of the medulla oblongata by several filaments, which arise in a series with those of the glossopharyngeal in front and the spinal accessory behind. The
Glossopharyngeal nerve is a mixed nerve. It is attached to the lateral part of the medulla at its anterior aspect by several filaments ventral to the restiform body and are separated by a narrow interval from the preceding nerve in front and the vagus behind. The nerve fibres converge laterally into a bundle that pierces
Acoustic or Auditory nerve is the nerve of sense of hearing and equilibrium. Acoustic or Auditory nerve arises from the medulla at the lateral part of the corpus trapezoideum just behind the preceding nerve. Acoustic or Auditory nerve arises from the medulla at the lateral part of the corpus trapezoideum just behind the preceding nerve.
Facial nerve is the seventh cranial nerve and is a mixed nerve. It arises from the lateral part of the corpus trapezoideum immediately behind the pons. It passes outwards across the fifth cranial nerve and in front of the eighth cranial nerve and enters the internal auditory meatus with it. At the bottom of this
Abducent nerve is a motor nerve. It arises just behind the pons, lateral to the inferior pyramid of the medulla. It passes forward across the pons, pierces the dura and accompanies the nerves in the cavernous sinus. It leaves the cranium through the foramen orbitorotundum reaches the orbit and supplies the lateral rectus and retractor
