Veterinary Obstetrics

Prolapse of the rectum occasionally occur in any animal in dystocia due to persistent violent straining and a relaxed anal sphincter.

At the time of parturition, a rupture or laceration in the uterus, cervix, or cranial portion of the vagina leads to prolapse of the intestine and may only enter the uterus or may pass into the vagina and out the vulva.

Rupture of the perineum and vulva in animals is most commonly observed in mares but can occasionally occur in cattle and sheep.

Rupture of the vagina in animals refers to the tearing or laceration of the vaginal wall, which may occur during parturition, due to external trauma, or as a result of excessive straining.

Uterine rupture in cows is a serious veterinary obstetric emergency, typically associated with dystocia, fetal emphysema, and uterine torsion.

Rupture of the Gastrocnemius Muscle in Animals is a musculoskeletal injury characterized by the tearing or complete disruption of the gastrocnemius muscle, usually occurring in the hindlimbs of large animals like cows.

Peroneal nerve paralysis is observed in cattle confined in stanchions with their hindquarters positioned over the edge of a gutter.

Obturator nerve paralysis is a common postpartum condition in large animals, especially cows and buffaloes, resulting from pressure or injury to the obturator nerve during difficult calving.

Gluteal nerve paralysis is a condition in animals resulting from injury or compression of the gluteal nerves during parturition, prolonged recumbency, or improper handling.

Hematomas and contusions of the birth canal are common complications that may occur during difficult or assisted parturition.