Cow affected with ketosis

Bovine Ketosis

Veterinary Medicine

Bovine Ketosis is a multifactorial disorder of energy metabolism. Negative energy balance results in hypoglycemia, ketonemia (the accumulation in blood of acetoacetate, β- hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and their decarboxylation products acetone and isopropanol) and ketonuria.

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Downer Cow Syndrome affected jersey cow image

Downer Cow Syndrome (DCS)

Veterinary Medicine

Downer cow syndrome (DCS) is a complication of the recumbency associated with milk fever but not limited to. A delay of 4 hour or more in that treatment of cows with milk fever may result in ischemic necrosis of the muscles of the pelvic limbs and further complication that make animal recumbent with disorders for unlimited period of time.

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