The lumbosacral plexus supplies the muscles of the hind limb. It is formed by the convergence of the ventral primary branches of the last three lumbar and first two or three sacral spinal nerves. this plexus is in two parts-anterior and posterior parts connected by anastomotic branches. The anterior part is formed by the fourth, […]

The dorsal branches of Sacral spinal nerves are small, gain exit through the dorsal sacral foramina and supply the muscles and skin of the croup. The ventral branches of the first and second enter into the formation of the lumbo-sacral plexus. The third generally gives off a branch to the plexus and the rest unites

There are six pairs of Lumbar spinal nerves. The dorsal branches are distributed to the muscles, situated above the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae and supplies the skin of the loin. The ventral branches slightly differ in their distribution. They pass under the psoas minor and psoas major and emerge at the lateral border

This brachial plexus is a flat fasciculus of nerves placed between the medial face of the shoulder and the thoracic wall. It is formed by the convergence of the ventral primary branches of the sixth, seventh and eighth cervical and the first two dorsal spinal nerves. The plexus appears as a wide, white band at

There are thirteen pairs of dorsal spinal nerves and their arrangements are almost similar. The dorsal branches pass up into the intertransverse space and divide into medial and lateral branches of which the former supply the spinal muscles and skin of the region. The lateral branches are directed upward, pass through the longissimus dorsi and

There are eight pairs of cervical spinal nerves. The first of these emerges through the intervertebral foramen of atlas, the second through the border of the arch of the axis and the eighth between the seventh cervical and the first dorsal vertebrae. First cervical The dorsal branch supplies the anterior oblique and the dorsal straight muscles

these Spinal Nerves are presents in animals- Cervical spinal nerves Thoracic spinal nerves Brachial plexus Lumbar spinal nerves Sacral spinal nerves Lumbo-Sacral plexus

Hypoglossal nerve is the motor nerve to the muscles of the tongue. Its fibres arise from the ventral face of the medulla oblongata in a series lateral to the posterior half of the pyramid. The filaments converge into three or four bundles that perforate the dura and unite to form the nerve. The nerve then

 Spinal accessory nerve is a motor nerve. It has two roots, the medullary and spinal. The medullary root arises from the lateral aspect of the medulla by several rootlets behind and in a series with those of the vagus. The spinal root arises from the cervical part of the spinal cord by a series of

Vagus nerve or Pneumogastric nerve is a mixed nerve. It is the longest and the most widely distributed of all the cranial nerves. It is attached to the lateral aspect of the medulla oblongata by several filaments, which arise in a series with those of the glossopharyngeal in front and the spinal accessory behind. The