Pseudo stratified epithelium type of epithelium the nuclei, lie at different levels giving it a stratified appearance. All the cells reach the basement membrane but not all of them extend to the surface. Those reaching the surface are columnar with one or more processes extending to the basement membrane. Between these are ovoid or spindle shaped Basal […]
Transitional epithelium is seen in the mucous membrane of the excretory passages of the urinary system. The cells are often divided into three groups: the basal polyhedral cells, the intermediate pear shaped or pyriform cells with their broad, end towards the free surface and flattened or umbrella like surface squamous cells. This epithelium accommodates itself to cover larger
Simple epithelium only one layer of cells present on the basement membrane. It can be classified as simple squamous, simple columnar and simple cuboidal type. Simple squamous epithelia The simple epithlia is also called as pavemental epithelia. Consists of flat scale like or plate like squamous cells separated by narrow intercellular spaces. The edges of the cells are usually
Epithelia are classified on the basis of the number of cell layers and the shape of the cells in the surface layer. Based on number of cell layers Simple epithelia: one layer of cells in the epithelium. Stratified epithelia: two or more layers of cells. Based on Shape of cells Cells in the surface layer are, as
Epithelium is composed primarily of cells between which a very little amount of intercellular substance exists. It is an unilaminar or multilaminar sheet of cells which covers the body surface and lines the body cavities or tubular passages. Shape and arrangement of epithelial cell The shape of epithelial cells varies from a very flat type – squamous, a tall rod-like columnar
A tissue is an aggregation of cells that are similar in structure and function to perform a specific function. Intercellular substance and fibres are the non-living parts of a tissue. In between the cells is the intercellular substance, produced by the cells themselves. The intercellular substance generally consists of a homogenous ground substance or matrix. Fibres are embedded
Horse The skin is thinner than the ox. Sweat glands are well developed. The dorsal border of wither, neck and forehead presents long hairs. This is the mane of the horse. The tail bears long hairs, typical to the species. The hoof is a horny box, which encloses a number of sensitive cartilaginous and bony structures, etc., It consists of three
SKIN The skin or the common integument is the protective covering of the body and is continuous at the natural orifices with the mucous membranes of digestive, respiratory and urinogential tracts. It acts as a sense organ concerned with the reception of pain, temperature (warmth and cold), touch (coarse touch and tactile) and pressure sensations.
The tongue is the organ of taste. It owes this property to the taste buds, which are situated in the foliate, fungiform and vallate papillae in the mucouse membrane of the tongue, the oral face of epiglottis and anterior pillars of soft palate. The taste buds are oval flask shaped masses, which occupy the recesses
The sense of smell is carried through the olfactory nerve, which is distributed on the nasal mucous membrane and covers the upper-fourth of the turbinate bones, septum nasi, nasal meatuses and ethmoidal cells called olfactory area. This part of the mucous membrane is pale-yellow in colour and is lined by epithelial cells. The epithelium is
