The Thyroid gland is surrounded by a connective tissue capsule, which gives off septa of varying thickness into the interior. These divide the organ into interconnected lobule consists of vesicles of varying sizes called thyroid follicles. In young animals they are smaller than in adult. Between follicles there is fine connective tissue fibres, which contain many […]

Endocrine system are organs of internal secretion. They are rich in blood vessels. They have no excretory ducts. and they secrete specific substances called hormones. Thyroid gland Parathyroid gland Adrenal or suprarenal gland Pituitary gland or Hypophysis cerebri

The mammary gland is a compound tubuloalveolar gland. The capsule is fibroelastic and from the capsule, tough connective tissue septa containing elastic fibres, smooth muscle and adipose tissue enter the gland and separate the gland into lobes and lobules. The amount of inter lobular connective tissue varies considerably with the functional status of the gland,

The wall of the vagina consists of a mucosa, muscularis and fibrosa. The mucosa is non-glandular and is thrown into folds. It is lined by stratified squamous epithelium. The lamina propria consists of loose connective tissue especially rich in elastic fibres. It contains diffuse infiltration of lymphocytes and solitary lymph nodules may also be present.

Wall of the uterus is madeup of a mucosa, muscularis and serosa. Muscosa or Endometrium: bears a columnar epithelium. The cells are secretory in type. Lamina propria contains uterine glands. These glands are simple branched tubular glands which are coiled towards their ends. The connective tissue stroma resembling mesenchyme or embryonal connective tissue surrounds the glands. Epithelium of

Uterine tube or Fallopian tube Wall of the oviduct is composed of a mucosa, muscularis and serosa. Mucosa bears a columnar epithelium, parts of which are psuedostratified in the rurminants. The epithelium contains columnar cells some of which are ciliated, whereas others are not ciliated. The mucosa forms large primary and small secondary folds. The

This histological picture depends on the plane of section and phase of sexual cycle. Ovary can be divided into two zones – cortex (zona parenchymatosa) and medulla (zona vasculosa). It is surrounded by a tunica albuginea which itself is covered by a germinal epithelium. In the young this germinal epithelium is a single layer of cuboidal or columnar cells, which become

The female genital apparatus consists of the ovaries, oviducts, uterus, vagina and vulva. The entire apparatus is in the scene of regularly recurring process of growth and involution which constitutes the sexual cycle, which is interrupted only by pregnancy and old age. Ovary like the testis is a cytogenous gland. It produces the female germ cells –

Penis consists of a body and glands. Body consists of The erectile corpus cavernosum penis, whose two crura are attached to the ischial arch. Corpus cavermosum urethrae or corpus spongiosum penis surrounding urethra muscles. Glans penis forms the tip of penis. Body of penis Consists of the corpora cavernosa, which have a capsule, a system of trabeculae and

Urethra of Male The urethra is a long mucous tube, which extends from the urinary bladder to the glans penis. It consists of pelvic and extrapelvic or penile part. The pelvic part is lined by transitional epithelium. The vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate glands are opening into the urethra in its initial part and the ducts of bulbourethral